What Is Simon Commission

SIMON

Simon Commission

According to Government of India Act 1919, there was going to be a reconsideration
on the issue of any constitutional changes in next 10 year constitutional changes in next 10 years. In November 1927, British Government appointed a commission to appointed a commission to review the working of the Act and to bring about reform if requir. This commission Indians and I required. This commission had no representation of the terms of reference were, Indians had no hope to find Swaraj through it. The Simon Commission reach India in February 1928′ a nation wide strike was it. Even most of the members of central assembly boycott it. There wees form all over the country to protest against the Simon Commission by strikes and demonstrations. The demonstrators shouted the slogan ” Simon go back”, the police lathi charged the silent and peaceful protestors. Lala Lajpat Railed the protest in Punjab. As a result of Lathi charge, Lala Lajpat Rai was injured and succumbed to death. Finally Simon Commission had to go back.

Civil Disobedience Movement (humble defiance of law) :
How to continue the freedom struggle movement, after the suspension of Non cooperation movement, became a disputed matter within Congress.. One faction of congress wanted to take part in the Parishad election whereas the majority still want to boycott it. In this scenario, members who wanted to contest elections made an independent party namely ” Swaraj party.”.
A congress convention started in Lahore in December 1929. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was the president of the convention. He declare that ” there is only one aim before us and that is of total independence “. In this convention, congress accepted the proposal of total independence, on the mid night of 31 st December 1929, Congress President, in the presence of a huge crowd, hoisted the flag of “Total independence” on the bank of river Ravi.

what is in simon commission

Dandi March – Gandhiji decided to launch the ‘Civil disobedience Movement’ by breaking the Salt Law. On 12th of March 1930, Gandhiji along with his colleagues start for Dandi at Gujrat sea shore which is about 200 miles from Sabarmati Ashram. People welcomed him, on his way lat cruisat Seashare to the march and he reach Dandi on 5 th April. On 6th of April Gandhiji and his colleagues broke the salt law and start the movement.
As soon as Gandhiji had defied the law, people all over the country started defying the British rule.At many places, the salt law was broken there was defiance of ” Jungle Law” in Madhya Pradesh.there were strikes in Mumbai, Kolkata and many other places. Members of Parishads, and Government employees renounced their jobs. Students left their Government institutions. Women sat on Dharna in front of liquor shops.

What is the purpose of Simon Commission?

There were dharnas in front of foreign cloth’s shops.in Dharsana, Gujrat, there was a Dharna in which 2500 volunteers joined. In Peshawar, under the leadership of Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan, the volunteers popularly known as “Lal Kurti” participated actively. In May 1930, Gandhiji was arrested and imprisone in Yerwada Jail in Pune. As a consequence, very high intensity protests were carri out in Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Sholapur etc. Tayyabji and thereafter Sarojini Naidu were entrusted with the leadership following the Gandhiji’s arrest. The movement had reached its peak by June 1930. Lathi charge, imprisonment and fines for defiance became very common occurrence. Wearing Khadi and wearing Gandhi Topi (cap) was consider an offence. Congress was declare an illegal organization by The British Government.

simon commission

What do you mean by Simon Commission?

Fast Unto Death-Pune pact – British Government was, on one side using the policy of exploitation and, on the other side was using ” divide and rule policy”. The government offered separate reserve seats to “dalits ” (down trodden) for contesting elections. This was a policy to entice the dalits and drift them away from Hindus, Gandhiji strongly oppose this move of the British Government. In spite of that, in August 1932, Government declare the Communal Award of Mac Donald, which reserved separate electorates for Dalits. Gandhiji proteste against it and asked for its cancellation failing which he went on a fast “Unto Death”.

Why was Simon commission created?

The entire country was in anxiety due to Gandhiji’s Fast Unto Death. To find a solution at such a delicate moment, an agreement was done in Pune between high caste Hindus and Dalits. This agreement was done between Gandhiji and Dr. Bhimran  Ambedkar. The Government accept this agreement and, finally Gandhiji end his fast On 2nd of May 1933, Gandhiji was released from prison. In 1935, Government enforce Government of India Act, according to which there was a dual governance at centre and provinces had fully responsible rule The act was criticized by the political parties of India, the reason being, there was nothing mentione about the total independence, in the provisions of 1935 Act. There were provincial assembly elections in 1937 which Congress won and formed own ministries.

SIMON COMMISSION

Why was Simon Commission sent to India?

In December 1929, in the Lahore convention, the working committee of Congress got the approval to start the “Civil Disobedience Movement”. the Viceroy, Lord Irwin had refused to accept the proposal of total independence but, Gandhiji was still hopeful about an agreement. He therefore put forward 11 demands before Lord Irwin. Gandhiji also declare that if demands were not met, the Civil Disobedience Movement will be started. Gandhili wanted that Government should consider the reduction in the rate of exchange, reduction of land revenue, should put total ban on drinking liquor, should give licenses to keep guns, withdrawal of tax on salt, release political prisoners who refrain from violence, keep control on Secret Service Department, 50% reduction in military expenses and reduce the import of cloth. Since Vi. demands, Gandhiji started Civil disobedience movement, as per plan

Why did the Simon Commission fail?

The Simon Commission was opposed at the starting stage because in simon commission there is no  Indian representation present in the assemblage. This Commission was appointedin 1927 by the British government . The main motto of the Simon Commission was to give an account of how the Indian constitution was working. And also this commission concern about overall working of simon commission.

Who died in Simon Commission?

Rai
In 1928, when the Simon Commission visited Lahore, Rai led a non-violent protest against it on October 30. The police struck back with lethal force, carrying out a lathi-charge. Rai suffered serious injuries in the police assault and eventually died on November 17, 1928 of a heart attack.

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