Human Body Parts Name - INFOS-ARENA.com

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1. Parts of tooth

Table of Contents

Pulp Cavity: A cavity existing in the middle of the tooth is called pulp cavity.
Dentine : All around the pulp cavity a layer of cartilage exists and it is called dentine.
Enamel : At the apex or upper portion of the tooth a shining layer is found it is called enamel and this is the hardest part of the human body.

2. Tongue

On the surface of the buccal cavity there exists a longer, thicker, tuberous organ which is called tongue. There exists various little nodes on the tongue and these nodes are called taste villi. Due to the appearance of these taste villi the taste and the nature of the food like sour, sweet, salt etc are realised. Through the apex part, rear part (the portion near to the throat) and the side part of the tongue, the tastes of the sweet, bitter and soure flavours are detected respectively.The tongue also helps in eating and masticating the food by mixing the saliva m the food stuffs.

The tongue has usually four types of teste receptors or taste buds to identify and detect the tastes of various food stuffs and drinks.The taste receptors are located at various position of the tongue to detect a specific taste like for the sweetness at the front, for the sourness near theside, for the bitterness near the larynx and for the salty at the middle of the tongue.

3. Stomach [Human Body Parts Name]

The stomach is a bilobed sac like muscular bag in which meal (food) is temporarily stored and it is nearly 30 cm long. The width of the stomach is decreased or increased according to the quantity of food taken inside the human body. The rear part of the stomach is extremely narrow and it opens in the form of thick hole in the duodenum. In the wall of the stomach various secretion glands exist and these are called gastric glands through which gastric juices are secreted. The gastric juices are basically digestive juices and in these HCl, renin and pepsin like enzymes are found. The muscles of the wall of the stomach crushes smoothly (grinds) food stuff and mixup the gastric juices,consequently the food stuffs transform like pulp. Thus here partial digestion and storation of food occurs and along with these water, sugar, etc. are also absorbed.

4. Intestine (small and large)

The entire intestine of the human body is studied by classifying it into two groups

(a) Small Intestine:

The preliminary portion of this intestine is bended like U shape and it is called duodenum. The rest spiral shaped part is called ileum. Thus small intestine basically has two parts duodenum (25 cm) and ileum (30 cm). In the inner layer of the wall of the ileum finger shaped structures are found which is called Intestinal Villi. This intestinal Villi abruptly increases the absorption layer of the wall of the intestine. The organ pancreas exists between the organ duodenum and stomach. Two ducts-bile duct and pancreatic duct compose a common duct which opens in duodenum. The small intestine opens behind the large intestine towards the rear side. The small intestine helps in food digestion and absorbs the digestive food.

(b) Large Intestine:

This intestine comprises wall of two parts-colon and rectum. The colon exists in the form of swollen small bag towards the exterior. The wall of rectum is also swellen at the small distance and opens through the annus. A thick tube is developed through the outlet of the small and large intestine and it is called caecum. At the end of caecum a narrow and small vermiform appendix exists. At the joint of ileum and colon a valve exists which is called ileocecal valve which prevents the food-stuffs to go back to the small intestine.

5. Liver Gland

The liver is the largest gland of the human body which is located behind the diaphragm of the stomach cavity and through which small part of the stomach is also covered. The average weight of the human liver is 1.5-2 kg. All around the liver a thin layer of a membrane of peritoneum is to be found. Bile is secreted by the liver which is collected and confined in the gall bladder. Bile transforms the food stuffs alkaline by changing its acidic character.

6. Pancreas [Human Body Parts Name]

The pancreas is the second largest gland of the human body. This is the only gland of the human beings which is of both endocrine and exocrine types. This is located inside a U-shaped portion of the small intestine. The pancreas is made from the cells called asinus which secret pancreatic juice having various enzymes and it helps in food digestion. In the cells of the pancreas some yellow coloured cells in the form of groups are arranged somewhere which is called Islets of Langerhans. The hormones Glucagon, Insulin and Somatostatin is secreted from the o, B and y cells of langerhans respectively. Insulin helps in controlling the amount of sugar in the human blood. The small secretion of insulin promotes diabetes in the human body.

7. Heart

The human heart is located (confined) in the middle of both lungs of the chest cavity. All around the heart, there exists a membrane called Pericardial Membrane in which pericardial fluid is filled up through which any exterior hammering is resisted and the heart remains safely protected. The human heart is a four chambered organ in which there exists two upper chambers called Auricle and two lower chambers called Ventricle. The right auricle obtains the blood from vencava while the left auricle gets it through pulmonary veins. The blood through the auricle reaches in the ventricle by the small holes on which valves are attached. Between the right auricle and right ventricle there exists a valve called Tricuspid valve, while between the left auricle and left ventricle another valve exists which is called Bicuspid valve.

The valve prevents the flow of blood in the opposite direction. Through the right ventricle the blood goes to the lungs by the pulmonary Artery, while through the left ventricle the blood is brought to various human organs by the Aortic. There exist some semilunar valves at the originating sites of the aorta, which bring the blood through the ventricle up to the aortas only and due to it the blood from the aorta again doesn’t enter into the ventricle. The blood transportation work in the heart is done by the coronary artery.

8. Nose

Human nose is also known as Olfactory receptors or Nasal Chamber The nose has a smell receptor to detect and identify the specific smell. The nasal cavity is also called olfactory receptor.The human smell receptors (olfactory receptors)are not well developed, while mammals like dog, cat etc. have a well developed smell receptor.

9. Eye or photo receptors [Human Body Parts Name]

Human eyes are the photo receptor organs in which light reflects from the surface of objects and passes through the pupil of the eye, forming an image on the retina. Basically each human eye has a spherical structure which is called Eye Ball, The eye ball is safely kept inside a ditch made in the skull which is called Eye Orbit. There exists six nerves for the proper functioning of the eye to see all around through it and for a comfortable accommodation. The exterior side of it is upper eye lid. At the corner of the exterior side of upper eye lid there exists lacrimal glands through which tears are secreted which are alkaline in nature.

At the eye lids there exist meibomian glands through which oil and lubricant type of fluid is secreted which helps in the movement and accommodation of eye lids. In the internal structure of the eye, eye ball has a fluid filled spherical structure whose front part is concave and transparent which is called Cornea. During eye donation cornea is donated to any needy person The inner layer of eye lids forms a thin transparent layer or membrane which is called conjunctiva. Other than cornea the wall of the rest eye ball is composed of three layers.

10. Ear

The human ear is an acoustic receptor (organ) which not only receive the sound waves but also maintains the balance in the human body.Every human ear is made from three components.

(i) External ear Around both sides of the human head a leaf like structure exists which is called external ear or pinna. Through the base of the external ear a nerve is attached which brings the sound waves to the middle ear. All around the wall of the ear (exterior) there exists ceruminous glands through which a wax like fluid is being secreted. This wax like fluid prevents the foreign elements like micro organisms, dust particles etc. to come inside the ear.

(ii) Middle ear: This is the middle portion of the ear which appears in the form of cavity only and it is called Tympanic cavity. This cavity is filled up with air which opens in oesophagus through a narrow thin eustachian tube.

11. Kidney

In the human beings and various mammals the main excretory organ is a pair of kidneys which are used in removing excretory substances through the blood circulatory process, and these kidneys also maintain a adaptable balance in blood in which micro nutrients of the blood is preserved. The kidney is appeared like a seed shape of beans and have a red-brown oval structure. The kidneys are attached to the dorsal side of the abdominal cavity. Thus the kidneys are located to the both side of the spinal cord in the human body and confined towards the back in the region of waist (loin). All around the kidneys membrane is located which is called peritoneum.

12. Lungs [Human Body Parts Name]

Lungs Usually the lungs are organs associated with respiratory system but along with it, the excretory works are also done. Actually the lungs does the excretion of gaseous substance CO, and water vapour. Also some substances like garlic, onion and some species in which some volatilecomponents exist are also excreted by the lungs.

13. Skin

The glands like oily glands and sweat glands secrete sebum and sweat respectively. Along With sebum and sweat some other excretory substances pump out from the skin of the human body.

14. Male reproductive system

Testis and Scrotal Sac:

In the male a pair of testis exists between both the legs and hangs both sides below the penis. In the testis a fluid like substance sperm is formed and the bag of the skin in which testes are hanged is called Scrotal sac of Scrotum. Also the formation of the sperm takes place at lower temperature and that’s why these are found exterior from the main body. From the structural point of view the testis has an oval shaped structure surrounded by a membrane of peritoneum in which so many seminiferous tubules coexist. Between the seminiferous tubules, interstitial cells are found which are respondent for the secretion of the testosterone hormone.

Epididymis :

A long narrow coiled tube attached to the surface of the testis which is called vas infrentia. Almost all vas infrentias form a complex net after coming out through the testes which is called testis network. Thus through this testis network a narrow thickned coil shaped tube outwardly exists and it is called epididymis. The last end of the epididymis becomes narrow and forms vas deferens. It acts like a temporary storage organ of the spermatozoa received from the seminiferous tubules, until these are released to the vas diferens and the exterior during the masturbate.

Vas deferens:

The vas deferens does the work of transportation of the spermatozoa from the epididymis to the seminal vesicle.

Seminal Vesicle:

The seminal vesicle is located just above the prostate gland and through its walls oily fluid is released through which nutritional processing of the spermatozoa is done. In the released oily fluid of seminal vesicle almost all parts of the seman is to be found. Both sides of the seminal vesicle mutually meet at a junction and form a composite narrow tube which is called ejaculatory duct. This duct passes through the prostate gland and opens in the renal pelvis. Thus spermatozoa (sperm) is transported to the renal pelvis.

Urethra :

This is a unimuscular tubule through which the urine is pumped out from the urinary bladder. It opens at the apex node of the penis and further in the tubele it meets at a junction where through the seminal vesicle stimulating tubule meet. Thus through the urethra or renal pelvis two different works-urine pumping and semen stimulation during masturbate are done.

Penis:

This is an exterior sex organ of the male which is made from a special type of spongy tissue. The upper tuberous node is called Glans penis which is extremely sensitive and on stimulation intendly seek the sexual intercourse. The penis does the work of semen transportation to the female sex organ.

Prostate and Cowper’s glands :

In all around the urethra where the stimulating tubule opens out, a gland is found which is called prostate gland. Through it a fluid is secreted which is 15-30 percent of the semen. It also provides a way of transmission to the spermatozoa and a specific odour in the semen. Below the prostate gland and both sides of the urethra the shape like a pea grain structure is found any where and existing gland is called Cowper’s gland. Through this gland alkaline fluid is secreted which diminishes the density of the spermatozoa and makes the urethra bacterialess.

Semen:

The spermatozoa, seminal vesicle fluid, and the prostate and cowper’s glands are the basic constituents of the semen. The semen appears at the end of the sexual intercourse through the penis of the male which undergoes to the vagina. Usually through the penis of an adult male in each stimulation 2.5-3.5 ml semen releases in which 20-40 crore spermatozoa coexist. But for the fertilization one spermatozoa is enough.

15. Female reproductive system [Human Body Parts Name]

Ovary :

There exist two ovaries besides both sides of the uterus. The ovaries has a cream-coloured oval structure and which is about 4 cm long. These are attached to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity below the kidneys. Each consists of connective tissue surrounding the blood vessels, nerve fibres etc. and numerous follicles, containing immature ova. Also every ovary is attached with the muscles of misoverium of the surface wall of the abdominal cavity and bed ligament of the uterus. The main work of the ovary is to produce ovum and two hormones oestrogen and progesterone are secreted through it. The menstruation cycle of the female is also controlled (regulated) by the ovaries.

Fallopian tube :

Through each ovary narrow tubule begins one by one whose other ends are attached through the uterus and it is called oviduct or fallopian tube. The fallopian tube transports the ovum into the uterus. Whenever ovum comes into the ova through the uterus then it is not completely matured and its full maturity takes place in the fallopian tube where the process of fertilization takes place. One of the pair of ducts in the female mammals which are called oviducts and which conveys on ova from the ovary to the womb (uterus) with the aid of muscular and ciliary actions.